Genesis 10:2
New International Version
The sons of Japheth: Gomer, Magog, Madai, Javan, Tubal, Meshek and Tiras.

New Living Translation
The descendants of Japheth were Gomer, Magog, Madai, Javan, Tubal, Meshech, and Tiras.

English Standard Version
The sons of Japheth: Gomer, Magog, Madai, Javan, Tubal, Meshech, and Tiras.

Berean Standard Bible
The sons of Japheth: Gomer, Magog, Madai, Javan, Tubal, Meshech, and Tiras.

King James Bible
The sons of Japheth; Gomer, and Magog, and Madai, and Javan, and Tubal, and Meshech, and Tiras.

New King James Version
The sons of Japheth were Gomer, Magog, Madai, Javan, Tubal, Meshech, and Tiras.

New American Standard Bible
The sons of Japheth were Gomer, Magog, Madai, Javan, Tubal, Meshech, and Tiras.

NASB 1995
The sons of Japheth were Gomer and Magog and Madai and Javan and Tubal and Meshech and Tiras.

NASB 1977
The sons of Japheth were Gomer and Magog and Madai and Javan and Tubal and Meshech and Tiras.

Legacy Standard Bible
The sons of Japheth were Gomer and Magog and Madai and Javan and Tubal and Meshech and Tiras.

Amplified Bible
the sons of Japheth: Gomer, Magog, Madai, Javan, Tubal, Meshech, and Tiras;

Christian Standard Bible
Japheth’s sons: Gomer, Magog, Madai, Javan, Tubal, Meshech, and Tiras.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
Japheth’s sons: Gomer, Magog, Madai, Javan, Tubal, Meshech, and Tiras.

American Standard Version
The sons of Japheth: Gomer, and Magog, and Madai, and Javan, and Tubal, and Meshech, and Tiras.

Aramaic Bible in Plain English
The children of Yaphet: Gamar and Magog and Maday and Yavan and Tubyl and Meshek and Tyras.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
The sons of Japheth, Gamer, and Magog, and Madoi, and Jovan, and Elisa, and Thobel, and Mosoch, and Thiras.

Douay-Rheims Bible
The sons of Japheth: Gomer, and Magog, and Madai, and Javan, and Thubal, and Mosoch, and Thiras.

English Revised Version
The sons of Japheth; Gomer, and Magog, and Madai, and Javan, and Tubal, and Meshech, and Tiras.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
Japheth's descendants were Gomer, Magog, Madai, Javan, Tubal, Meshech, and Tiras.

Good News Translation
The sons of Japheth--Gomer, Magog, Madai, Javan, Tubal, Meshech, and Tiras--were the ancestors of the peoples who bear their names.

International Standard Version
Japheth's descendants included Gomer, Magog, Madai, Javan, Tubal, Meshech, and Tiras.

JPS Tanakh 1917
The sons of Japheth: Gomer, and Magog, and Madai, and Javan, and Tubal, and Meshech, and Tiras.

Literal Standard Version
Sons of Japheth [are] Gomer, and Magog, and Madai, and Javan, and Tubal, and Meshech, and Tiras.

Majority Standard Bible
The sons of Japheth: Gomer, Magog, Madai, Javan, Tubal, Meshech, and Tiras.

New American Bible
The descendants of Japheth: Gomer, Magog, Madai, Javan, Tubal, Meshech and Tiras.

NET Bible
The sons of Japheth were Gomer, Magog, Madai, Javan, Tubal, Meshech, and Tiras.

New Revised Standard Version
The descendants of Japheth: Gomer, Magog, Madai, Javan, Tubal, Meshech, and Tiras.

New Heart English Bible
The sons of Japheth: Gomer, Magog, Madai, Javan, Tubal, Meshech, and Tiras.

Webster's Bible Translation
The sons of Japheth; Gomer, and Magog, and Madai, and Javan, and Tubal, and Meshech, and Tiras.

World English Bible
The sons of Japheth were: Gomer, Magog, Madai, Javan, Tubal, Meshech, and Tiras.

Young's Literal Translation
Sons of Japheth are Gomer, and Magog, and Madai, and Javan, and Tubal, and Meshech, and Tiras.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
The Japhethites
1This is the account of Noah’s sons Shem, Ham, and Japheth, who also had sons after the flood. 2The sons of Japheth: Gomer, Magog, Madai, Javan, Tubal, Meshech, and Tiras. 3The sons of Gomer: Ashkenaz, Riphath, and Togarmah.…

Cross References
Genesis 9:27
May God expand the territory of Japheth; may he dwell in the tents of Shem, and may Canaan be his servant."

Genesis 10:1
This is the account of Noah's sons Shem, Ham, and Japheth, who also had sons after the flood.

2 Kings 17:6
In the ninth year of Hoshea, the king of Assyria captured Samaria and carried away the Israelites to Assyria, where he settled them in Halah, in Gozan by the Habor River, and in the cities of the Medes.

1 Chronicles 1:5
The sons of Japheth: Gomer, Magog, Madai, Javan, Tubal, Meshech, and Tiras.

Psalm 120:5
Woe to me that I dwell in Meshech, that I live among the tents of Kedar!

Isaiah 66:19
I will establish a sign among them, and I will send survivors from among them to the nations--to Tarshish, Put, and the archers of Lud; to Tubal, Javan, and the islands far away who have not heard of My fame or seen My glory. So they will proclaim My glory among the nations.

Ezekiel 27:13
Javan, Tubal, and Meshech were your merchants. They exchanged slaves and bronze utensils for your merchandise.


Treasury of Scripture

The sons of Japheth; Gomer, and Magog, and Madai, and Javan, and Tubal, and Meshech, and Tiras.

Genesis 10:21
Unto Shem also, the father of all the children of Eber, the brother of Japheth the elder, even to him were children born.

1 Chronicles 1:5-7
The sons of Japheth; Gomer, and Magog, and Madai, and Javan, and Tubal, and Meshech, and Tiras…

Isaiah 66:19
And I will set a sign among them, and I will send those that escape of them unto the nations, to Tarshish, Pul, and Lud, that draw the bow, to Tubal, and Javan, to the isles afar off, that have not heard my fame, neither have seen my glory; and they shall declare my glory among the Gentiles.

Jump to Previous
Gomer Japheth Javan Madai Magog Meshech Tiras Tubal
Jump to Next
Gomer Japheth Javan Madai Magog Meshech Tiras Tubal
Genesis 10
1. The generations of Noah.
2. Japheth.
6. Ham.
8. Nimrod becomes the first monarch; the descendants of Canaan.
21. The sons of Shem.














(2) The sons of Japheth.--Of these, seven main divisions are enumerated, some of which are subsequently sub-divided; they are--

1. Gomer, whose name reappears in the Cimmerians. Their original settlement was between Magog and Madai, that is, between the Scythians and the Medes. After remaining some time on the Caspian and Black Seas, on which latter they have left their name in the Crimea, a powerful branch of them struck across the centre of Russia, and, skirting the Baltic, became the Cimbri of Denmark (whence the name of the Chersonesus Cimbrica, given to Jutland), the Cymry of Wales, &c. Generally they are the race to which the " name is given of Celts.

2. Magog. The Scythians, who once possessed the country north and south of the Caucasus. The Russians are their modern representatives, being descended from the Sarmatians, a Scythic race, with a small admixture of Median blood.

3. Madai. The Medes, who dwelt to the south and south-west of the Caspian. Mada, in the Accadian language, means land, and it was in the Median territory that Kharsak-Kurra, "the mountain of the East," was situated, on which the Accadians believed the ark to have rested, whence possibly Media took its name, being "the land" above all others (Chald. Gen., p. 196).

4. Javan, that is, Ionia, the land of the Greeks.

5. Tubal. The Tibareni, on the south-east of the Black Sea.

6. Meshech. The Moschi, a people of Colchis and Armenia.

7. Tiras. According to Josephus and the Targum, the Thracians. Other races have been suggested, but this is probably right; and as the Getae, the ancestors of the Goths, were Thracians, this would make the Scandinavian race the modern representatives of Tiras.

In this enumeration the race of Japheth is described as occupying Asia Minor, Armenia, the countries to the west as far as the Caspian Sea, and thence northward to the shores of the Black Sea. Subsequently it spread along the northern shores of the Mediterranean and. over all Europe. But though unnoticed by the writer its extension was equally remarkable towards the east. Parthia, Bactria, the Punjab, India, are equally Japhethite with Germany, Greece, and Rome; and in Sanscrit literature the Aryan first showed that genius, which, omitting the greatest of all books, the Semitic Bible, has made this race the foremost writers in the world.

Verse 2. - The sons of Japheth are first mentioned not because Japheth was the eldest of the three brothers, although that was true, but because of the greater distance of the Japhetic tribes from the theocratic center, the Hamites having always been much more nearly situated to and closely connected with the Shemites than they. The immediate descendants of Japheth, whose name, Ἰάπετος, occurs again in the mythology of a Japhetic race, were fourteen m number, seven sons and seven grandsons, each of which became the progenitor of one of the primitive nations. Gomer. A people inhabiting "the sides of the north" (Ezekiel 38:6); the Galatae of the Greeks (Josephus, 'Ant.,' 1:06); the Chomarii, a nation in Bactriana on the Oxus (Shulthess, Kalisch); but more generally the Cimmerians of Homer ('Odyss.,' 11:13-19), whose abodes were the shores of the Caspian and Euxine, whence they seem to have spread themselves over Europe as far west as the Atlantic, leaving traces of their presence in the Cimhri of North Germany and the Cymri in Wales (Keil, Lange, Murphy, Wordsworth, 'Speaker's Commentary ). And Magog. A fierce and warlike people presided over by Gog (an appellative name, like the titles Pharaoh and Caesar, and corresponding with the Turkish Chak, the Tartarian Kak, and the Mongolian Gog: Kalisch), whose complete destruction was predicted by Ezekiel (Ezekiel 38, 39.); generally understood to be the Scythians, whose territory lay upon the borders of the sea of Asoph, and in the Caucasus. In the Apocalypse (Revelation 20:8-10) Gog and Magog appear as two distinct nations combined against the Church of God. And Madai. The inhabitants of Media (Mada in the cuneiform inscriptions), so called because believed to be situated περὶ μεσην τὴν Ασίαν (Polyb. 5:44) on the south-west shore of the Caspian And Javan. Identical with Ἰάων (Greek), Javana (Sanscrit), Juna (Old Persian), Jounan (Rosetta Stone); allowed to be the father of the Greeks, who in Scripture are styled Javan (vide Isaiah 66:19; Ezekiel 27:13; Daniel 8:21; Daniel 10:20; Joel 3:6). And Tubal, and Meshech. Generally associated in Scripture as tributaries of Magog (Ezekiel 38:2, 3; Ezekiel 39:1); recognized as the Iberians and Moschi in the north of Armenia, between the sources of the Tigris and Euphrates, and the Black Sea (Josephus, Knobel, Lange, Kalisch). And Tiras. The ancestor of the Thraciaus (Josephus), of the Tyrrheni, a branch of the Pelasgians (Tuch), of the Asiatic tribes round the Taurus (Kalisch), in support of which last is a circumstance mentioned by Rawlinson, that on the old Egyptian monuments Mashuash and Tuirash, and upon the Assyrian Tubal and Misek, stand together as here. Tiras occurs nowhere else in Scripture.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
The sons
בְּנֵ֣י (bə·nê)
Noun - masculine plural construct
Strong's 1121: A son

of Japheth:
יֶ֔פֶת (ye·p̄eṯ)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3315: Japheth -- a son of Noah

Gomer,
גֹּ֣מֶר (gō·mer)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 1586: Gomer -- a son of Japheth, also his descendants, also the wife of Hosea

Magog,
וּמָג֔וֹג (ū·mā·ḡō·wḡ)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 4031: Magog -- perhaps 'land of Gog', a son of Japheth, also his descendants and their land

Madai,
וּמָדַ֖י (ū·mā·ḏay)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 4074: Media -- a son of Japheth, also his descendants and their land

Javan,
וְיָוָ֣ן (wə·yā·wān)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3120: Javan -- a son of Japheth, also his descendants and their land

Tubal,
וְתֻבָ֑ל (wə·ṯu·ḇāl)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 8422: Tubal -- a son of Japheth, also his descendants and their land

Meshech,
וּמֶ֖שֶׁךְ (ū·me·šeḵ)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 4902: Meshech -- a son of Japheth, also his descendants and their land

and Tiras.
וְתִירָֽס׃ (wə·ṯî·rās)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 8494: Tiras -- a son of Japheth and his desc


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OT Law: Genesis 10:2 The sons of Japheth: Gomer Magog Madai (Gen. Ge Gn)
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